
<table style="text-align:center"><caption><strong>Table X16. Additional results: majority-majority units only.</strong></caption>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>Civil violence (group)</td><td>Communal violence</td><td>Communal violence</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>Min. (model A49)</td><td>Maj./min. dyad (model A50)</td><td>Maj./min. dyad (model A51)</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black"></td></tr><tr><td style="text-align:left">Territorial autonomy</td><td>-0.425</td><td>1.740</td><td>1.184</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.821)</td><td>(1.068)</td><td>(1.496)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Territorial autonomy x included/excluded</td><td></td><td></td><td>0.845</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td></td><td>(1.621)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Included</td><td>0.196</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.415)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Included/excluded</td><td></td><td>0.147</td><td>-0.100</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(0.630)</td><td>(0.636)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Excluded/excluded</td><td></td><td>-15.907<sup>***</sup></td><td>-16.067<sup>***</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(1.320)</td><td>(1.397)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (state)</td><td>2.970<sup>*</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(1.379)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (state, mean)</td><td></td><td>0.292</td><td>0.157</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(2.802)</td><td>(2.827)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (state, diff.)</td><td></td><td>-2.333<sup>†</sup></td><td>-2.304<sup>†</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(1.269)</td><td>(1.286)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (unit)</td><td>4.987<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.808)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (unit, mean)</td><td></td><td>-0.274</td><td>-0.320</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(2.404)</td><td>(2.485)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Relative size (unit, diff.)</td><td></td><td>0.169</td><td>0.178</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(0.962)</td><td>(0.966)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Asymmetry</td><td></td><td>-17.172<sup>***</sup></td><td>-17.315<sup>***</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(0.745)</td><td>(0.813)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Population (unit, logged)</td><td>0.090</td><td>0.349</td><td>0.352</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.143)</td><td>(0.253)</td><td>(0.253)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Area (unit, logged)</td><td>0.183</td><td>0.411</td><td>0.417</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.184)</td><td>(0.348)</td><td>(0.352)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Avg. ruggedness (unit)</td><td>0.002<sup>*</sup></td><td>0.0004</td><td>0.0004</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.001)</td><td>(0.001)</td><td>(0.001)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Oil in unit</td><td>0.573<sup>*</sup></td><td>-0.316</td><td>-0.281</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.268)</td><td>(1.754)</td><td>(1.803)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Distance capital (unit, logged)</td><td>0.200</td><td>-0.175</td><td>-0.183</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.225)</td><td>(0.299)</td><td>(0.304)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Distance border (unit, logged)</td><td>-0.032</td><td>-0.174</td><td>-0.171</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.118)</td><td>(0.259)</td><td>(0.255)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">GDP pc. (logged)</td><td>-1.028<sup>***</sup></td><td>-0.365</td><td>-0.342</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.249)</td><td>(0.282)</td><td>(0.305)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Population (state, logged)</td><td>-0.328<sup>†</sup></td><td>-0.074</td><td>-0.052</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.173)</td><td>(0.295)</td><td>(0.323)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Democracy</td><td>-2.197<sup>*</sup></td><td>0.011</td><td>0.020</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.914)</td><td>(0.709)</td><td>(0.681)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Ethnic fractionalization</td><td>-3.067<sup>*</sup></td><td>-1.972</td><td>-1.919</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(1.305)</td><td>(2.732)</td><td>(2.768)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Election year</td><td>0.832<sup>**</sup></td><td>0.235</td><td>0.225</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.272)</td><td>(0.402)</td><td>(0.406)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence peace years</td><td>-0.844<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.133)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence peace years 2</td><td>0.069<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.011)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence peace years 3</td><td>-0.002<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.0003)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Civil violence spatial lag</td><td>1.726<sup>***</sup></td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(0.465)</td><td></td><td></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence peace years</td><td></td><td>-0.184</td><td>-0.178</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(0.136)</td><td>(0.136)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence peace years 2</td><td></td><td>0.006</td><td>0.006</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(0.010)</td><td>(0.010)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence peace years 3</td><td></td><td>-0.0001</td><td>-0.0001</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(0.0002)</td><td>(0.0002)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Communal violence spatial lag</td><td></td><td>0.372</td><td>0.366</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td></td><td>(1.056)</td><td>(1.069)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Constant</td><td>2.884</td><td>-21.156<sup>***</sup></td><td>-21.373<sup>***</sup></td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left"></td><td>(2.179)</td><td>(4.454)</td><td>(4.802)</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">N</td><td>95,523</td><td>112,634</td><td>112,634</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">Log Likelihood</td><td>-583.221</td><td>-406.900</td><td>-406.554</td></tr>
<tr><td style="text-align:left">AIC</td><td>1,276.443</td><td>931.801</td><td>933.108</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="border-bottom: 1px solid black"></td></tr><tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">† p<0.1; * p<0.05; ** p<0.01; *** p<0.001; country-clustered SE’s in parentheses; maj. = second-order majority; min. = second-order minority.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">The dependent variable is a binary variable equal to one if there is at least one instance of civil/communal violence involving a group/dyad in a given unit.</td></tr>
<tr><td colspan="4" style="text-align:left">Region- and year-fixed effects included but not reported.</td></tr>
</table>
